Modular Products: Smartphone Design from a circular Economy PerspectiveSchishke et al. 2016
Identification
Modular product design however is not necessarily the most sustainable design option. Modularity first of all means inevitably more material consumption.
Modularity has to mean that the user can replace easily some key subassemblies.
Meaning, they don’t need tools or a repair person in order to access the components and replace them, or at least that the operation should be easy with the right tools.